esp32c2（也即esp8684）大夏龙雀的吃灰板子做蓝牙手柄

hackhack · 发表于昨天 10:46

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本帖最后由 hackhack 于 2026-6-29 10:50 编辑

手上有很多手柄，但是没有一个“小巧的”，玩一些类似“推箱子”的益智游戏，用触摸屏不太舒服，用大手柄又太不方便。

本来想在网上买一个，某山的手柄之前很便宜，好像19块钱，现在30多了，算了，自己做一个吧。

用到的是大夏龙雀DX-WF25，2M flash。
最大的坑其实是26MHz的外置晶振。。。搞了我三天都没找到问题在哪儿。。。导致我一直搞不定蓝牙。官方文档的内容太少了，这种怎么能火起来。。。

3按键的测试版本源代码如下：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include "esp_log.h"
#include "nvs_flash.h"
#include "freertos/FreeRTOS.h"
#include "freertos/task.h"
#include "driver/gpio.h"
/* NimBLE 核心头文件 */
#include "nimble/nimble_port.h"
#include "nimble/nimble_port_freertos.h"
#include "host/ble_hs.h"
#include "host/util/util.h"
#include "services/gap/ble_svc_gap.h"
#include "services/gatt/ble_svc_gatt.h"
#include "store/config/ble_store_config.h"
#define TAG "BLE_GAMEPAD"
/* 按键 GPIO 分配 */
#define GPIO_BTN_FORWARD GPIO_NUM_2
#define GPIO_BTN_BACKWARD GPIO_NUM_3
#define GPIO_BTN_JUMP GPIO_NUM_4
/* 全局连接句柄 */
static uint16_t current_conn_handle = BLE_HS_CONN_HANDLE_NONE;
/* GATT 特征值句柄（用于发送通知） */
static uint16_t hid_input_report_handle;
static uint8_t protocol_mode = 0x01; // 0x01 = Report Mode
/* 1. 标准 HID 游戏手柄报告描述符 */
static const uint8_t hid_report_map[] = {
0x05, 0x01, // Usage Page (Generic Desktop Ctrls)
0x09, 0x05, // Usage (Game Pad)
0xa1, 0x01, // Collection (Application)
0x85, 0x01, // Report ID (1)
// 3个数字按键 (Bit 0: 前, Bit 1: 后, Bit 2: 跳)
0x05, 0x09, // Usage Page (Button)
0x19, 0x01, // Usage Minimum (0x01)
0x29, 0x03, // Usage Maximum (0x03)
0x15, 0x00, // Logical Minimum (0)
0x25, 0x01, // Logical Maximum (1)
0x75, 0x01, // Report Size (1)
0x95, 0x03, // Report Count (3)
0x81, 0x02, // Input (Data,Var,Abs)
// 5位填充（对齐到1字节）
0x75, 0x01, // Report Size (1)
0x95, 0x05, // Report Count (5)
0x81, 0x03, // Input (Const,Var,Abs)
// 虚拟出 X 和 Y 模拟轴（置中），防止部分系统因缺少非数字轴而拒绝枚举手柄
0x05, 0x01, // Usage Page (Generic Desktop Ctrls)
0x09, 0x30, // Usage (X)
0x09, 0x31, // Usage (Y)
0x15, 0x81, // Logical Minimum (-127)
0x25, 0x7f, // Logical Maximum (127)
0x75, 0x08, // Report Size (8)
0x95, 0x02, // Report Count (2)
0x81, 0x02, // Input (Data,Var,Abs)
0xc0 // End Collection
};
/* HID 基础信息 */
static const uint8_t hid_info[4] = {
0x11, 0x01, // bcdHID (v1.11)
0x00, // bCountryCode
0x03 // Flags: RemoteWake | NormallyConnectable
};
/* 报告引用描述符 (指向 Report ID 1, Type: Input) */
static const uint8_t hid_report_reference[2] = {0x01, 0x01};
/* PnP ID 信息 (伪装成标准设备以提高 Windows 兼容性) */
static const uint8_t pnp_id[7] = {
0x02, // Source: USB IF
0x5e, 0x04, // VID: 0x045E (Microsoft)
0x8e, 0x02, // PID: 0x028E (Xbox 360 Controller)
0x00, 0x01 // Version: 1.0.0
};
/* GATT 回调声明 */
static int gatt_svr_chr_access_dis(uint16_t conn_handle, uint16_t attr_handle, struct ble_gatt_access_ctxt *ctxt, void *arg);
static int gatt_svr_chr_access_hid(uint16_t conn_handle, uint16_t attr_handle, struct ble_gatt_access_ctxt *ctxt, void *arg);
static int ble_app_gap_event(struct ble_gap_event *event, void *arg);
static void ble_app_advertise(uint8_t addr_type);
/* 2. GATT 服务及特征值定义 */
static const struct ble_gatt_svc_def gatt_svr_svcs[] = {
{
/* 设备信息服务 (DIS) */
.type = BLE_GATT_SVC_TYPE_PRIMARY,
.uuid = BLE_UUID16_DECLARE(0x180A),
.characteristics = (struct ble_gatt_chr_def[]) { {
.uuid = BLE_UUID16_DECLARE(0x2A50), // PnP ID
.access_cb = gatt_svr_chr_access_dis,
.flags = BLE_GATT_CHR_F_READ,
}, {
0,
} }
},
{
/* 人机接口设备服务 (HID) */
.type = BLE_GATT_SVC_TYPE_PRIMARY,
.uuid = BLE_UUID16_DECLARE(0x1812),
.characteristics = (struct ble_gatt_chr_def[]) { {
.uuid = BLE_UUID16_DECLARE(0x2A4A), // HID Information
.access_cb = gatt_svr_chr_access_hid,
.flags = BLE_GATT_CHR_F_READ,
}, {
.uuid = BLE_UUID16_DECLARE(0x2A4B), // Report Map
.access_cb = gatt_svr_chr_access_hid,
.flags = BLE_GATT_CHR_F_READ,
}, {
.uuid = BLE_UUID16_DECLARE(0x2A4C), // HID Control Point
.access_cb = gatt_svr_chr_access_hid,
.flags = BLE_GATT_CHR_F_WRITE_NO_RSP,
}, {
.uuid = BLE_UUID16_DECLARE(0x2A4D), // Report (Input)
.access_cb = gatt_svr_chr_access_hid,
.flags = BLE_GATT_CHR_F_READ | BLE_GATT_CHR_F_NOTIFY,
.val_handle = &hid_input_report_handle,
.descriptors = (struct ble_gatt_dsc_def[]) { {
.uuid = BLE_UUID16_DECLARE(0x2908), // Report Reference
.access_cb = gatt_svr_chr_access_hid,
/* 【修复 1】将 .flags 变更为 .att_flags，并将宏改为 BLE_ATT_F_READ */
.att_flags = BLE_ATT_F_READ,
}, {
0,
} }
}, {
.uuid = BLE_UUID16_DECLARE(0x2A4E), // Protocol Mode
.access_cb = gatt_svr_chr_access_hid,
.flags = BLE_GATT_CHR_F_READ | BLE_GATT_CHR_F_WRITE_NO_RSP,
}, {
0,
} }
},
{ 0 }
};
static int gatt_svr_chr_access_dis(uint16_t conn_handle, uint16_t attr_handle, struct ble_gatt_access_ctxt *ctxt, void *arg) {
if (ble_uuid_u16(ctxt->chr->uuid) == 0x2A50) {
return os_mbuf_append(ctxt->om, pnp_id, sizeof(pnp_id)) == 0 ? 0 : BLE_ATT_ERR_INSUFFICIENT_RES;
}
return BLE_ATT_ERR_UNLIKELY;
}
static int gatt_svr_chr_access_hid(uint16_t conn_handle, uint16_t attr_handle, struct ble_gatt_access_ctxt *ctxt, void *arg) {
uint16_t uuid = ble_uuid_u16(ctxt->chr->uuid);
if (ctxt->op == BLE_GATT_ACCESS_OP_READ_CHR || ctxt->op == BLE_GATT_ACCESS_OP_READ_DSC) {
if (uuid == 0x2A4A) return os_mbuf_append(ctxt->om, hid_info, sizeof(hid_info)) == 0 ? 0 : BLE_ATT_ERR_INSUFFICIENT_RES;
if (uuid == 0x2A4B) return os_mbuf_append(ctxt->om, hid_report_map, sizeof(hid_report_map)) == 0 ? 0 : BLE_ATT_ERR_INSUFFICIENT_RES;
if (uuid == 0x2908) return os_mbuf_append(ctxt->om, hid_report_reference, sizeof(hid_report_reference)) == 0 ? 0 : BLE_ATT_ERR_INSUFFICIENT_RES;
if (uuid == 0x2A4E) return os_mbuf_append(ctxt->om, &protocol_mode, sizeof(protocol_mode)) == 0 ? 0 : BLE_ATT_ERR_INSUFFICIENT_RES;
if (uuid == 0x2A4D) {
uint8_t empty_report[3] = {0, 0, 0};
return os_mbuf_append(ctxt->om, empty_report, sizeof(empty_report)) == 0 ? 0 : BLE_ATT_ERR_INSUFFICIENT_RES;
}
} else if (ctxt->op == BLE_GATT_ACCESS_OP_WRITE_CHR) {
if (uuid == 0x2A4C) return 0;
if (uuid == 0x2A4E && ctxt->om->om_len == 1) {
protocol_mode = ctxt->om->om_data[0];
return 0;
}
}
return BLE_ATT_ERR_UNLIKELY;
}
/* 3. 蓝牙 GAP 状态机广播控制 */
static void ble_app_advertise(uint8_t addr_type) {
struct ble_gap_adv_params adv_params;
struct ble_hs_adv_fields fields;
int rc;
memset(&fields, 0, sizeof(fields));
fields.flags = BLE_HS_ADV_F_DISC_GEN | BLE_HS_ADV_F_BREDR_UNSUP;
fields.appearance = 0x03C4; // Gamepad
fields.appearance_is_present = 1;
const char *name = "ESP32C2-Gamepad";
fields.name = (uint8_t *)name;
fields.name_len = strlen(name);
fields.name_is_complete = 1;
ble_uuid16_t hid_uuid = BLE_UUID16_INIT(0x1812);
fields.uuids16 = &hid_uuid;
fields.num_uuids16 = 1;
fields.uuids16_is_complete = 1;
rc = ble_gap_adv_set_fields(&fields);
if (rc != 0) {
ESP_LOGE(TAG, "设置广播数据失败: %d", rc);
return;
}
memset(&adv_params, 0, sizeof(adv_params));
adv_params.conn_mode = BLE_GAP_CONN_MODE_UND;
adv_params.disc_mode = BLE_GAP_DISC_MODE_GEN;
rc = ble_gap_adv_start(addr_type, NULL, BLE_HS_FOREVER, &adv_params, ble_app_gap_event, NULL);
if (rc != 0) {
ESP_LOGE(TAG, "开启广播失败: %d", rc);
} else {
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "手柄蓝牙广播已开启...");
}
}
static int ble_app_gap_event(struct ble_gap_event *event, void *arg) {
struct ble_gap_conn_desc desc;
switch (event->type) {
case BLE_GAP_EVENT_CONNECT:
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "设备已连接, 状态=%d", event->connect.status);
if (event->connect.status == 0) {
current_conn_handle = event->connect.conn_handle;
ble_gap_security_initiate(current_conn_handle);
} else {
uint8_t addr_type;
ble_hs_id_infer_auto(0, &addr_type);
ble_app_advertise(addr_type);
}
return 0;
case BLE_GAP_EVENT_DISCONNECT:
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "断开连接，原因=%d", event->disconnect.reason);
current_conn_handle = BLE_HS_CONN_HANDLE_NONE;
uint8_t addr_type;
ble_hs_id_infer_auto(0, &addr_type);
ble_app_advertise(addr_type);
return 0;
case BLE_GAP_EVENT_REPEAT_PAIRING:
if (ble_gap_conn_find(event->repeat_pairing.conn_handle, &desc) == 0) {
ble_store_util_delete_peer(&desc.peer_id_addr);
}
return BLE_GAP_REPEAT_PAIRING_RETRY;
case BLE_GAP_EVENT_ENC_CHANGE:
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "加密状态改变: %d", event->enc_change.status);
return 0;
}
return 0;
}
static void ble_app_on_sync(void) {
uint8_t addr_type;
ble_hs_id_infer_auto(0, &addr_type);
ble_app_advertise(addr_type);
}
/* 4. 手柄 HID 报告发送函数 */
void send_gamepad_report(uint8_t buttons) {
if (current_conn_handle == BLE_HS_CONN_HANDLE_NONE) {
return;
}
uint8_t report_data[3] = { buttons, 0, 0 };
struct os_mbuf *om = ble_hs_mbuf_from_flat(report_data, sizeof(report_data));
if (om != NULL) {
int rc = ble_gattc_notify_custom(current_conn_handle, hid_input_report_handle, om);
if (rc != 0) {
ESP_LOGE(TAG, "HID 报告发送失败, 错误码=%d", rc);
}
}
}
/* 5. 按键扫描任务 */
void button_scan_task(void *pvParameters) {
gpio_config_t io_conf = {
.pin_bit_mask = (1ULL << GPIO_BTN_FORWARD) | (1ULL << GPIO_BTN_BACKWARD) | (1ULL << GPIO_BTN_JUMP),
.mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT,
.pull_up_en = GPIO_PULLUP_ENABLE,
.pull_down_en = GPIO_PULLDOWN_DISABLE,
.intr_type = GPIO_INTR_DISABLE
};
gpio_config(&io_conf);
uint8_t last_buttons_state = 0;
while (1) {
uint8_t current_buttons = 0;
if (gpio_get_level(GPIO_BTN_FORWARD) == 0) current_buttons |= (1 << 0);
if (gpio_get_level(GPIO_BTN_BACKWARD) == 0) current_buttons |= (1 << 1);
if (gpio_get_level(GPIO_BTN_JUMP) == 0) current_buttons |= (1 << 2);
if (current_buttons != last_buttons_state) {
last_buttons_state = current_buttons;
send_gamepad_report(current_buttons);
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "按键触发变换: 0x%02X", current_buttons);
}
vTaskDelay(pdMS_TO_TICKS(15));
}
}
void nimble_host_task(void *param) {
ESP_LOGI(TAG, "NimBLE 主任务已启动");
nimble_port_run();
nimble_port_freertos_deinit();
}
/* 6. 程序主入口 */
void app_main(void) {
esp_err_t ret = nvs_flash_init();
if (ret == ESP_ERR_NVS_NO_FREE_PAGES || ret == ESP_ERR_NVS_NEW_VERSION_FOUND) {
ESP_ERROR_CHECK(nvs_flash_erase());
ret = nvs_flash_init();
}
ESP_ERROR_CHECK(ret);
ESP_ERROR_CHECK(nimble_port_init());
ble_svc_gap_init();
ble_svc_gatt_init();
int rc = ble_gatts_count_cfg(gatt_svr_svcs);
if (rc != 0) return;
rc = ble_gatts_add_svcs(gatt_svr_svcs);
if (rc != 0) return;
ble_hs_cfg.sm_io_cap = BLE_SM_IO_CAP_NO_IO;
ble_hs_cfg.sm_bonding = 1;
ble_hs_cfg.sm_mitm = 0;
ble_hs_cfg.sm_sc = 1;
ble_hs_cfg.sm_our_key_dist |= BLE_SM_PAIR_KEY_DIST_ENC | BLE_SM_PAIR_KEY_DIST_ID;
ble_hs_cfg.sm_their_key_dist |= BLE_SM_PAIR_KEY_DIST_ENC | BLE_SM_PAIR_KEY_DIST_ID;
/* 【修复 2】移除已被废弃的 ble_store_config_init() 包装函数 */
/* 直接将读写回调指针赋给全局配对存储配置 */
ble_hs_cfg.store_read_cb = ble_store_config_read;
ble_hs_cfg.store_write_cb = ble_store_config_write;
ble_svc_gap_device_name_set("ESP32C2-Gamepad");
ble_hs_cfg.sync_cb = ble_app_on_sync;
nimble_port_freertos_init(nimble_host_task);
xTaskCreate(button_scan_task, "button_scan_task", 2048, NULL, 5, NULL);
}